![]() The approximate home range of Bulindi chimpanzees is encircled. Map showing the location of Bulindi (at bottom) in relation to Budongo Forest in western Uganda. ![]() Consequently, observations of social behavior including grooming and dominance interactions increased as the study progressed.įigure 1. Although chimpanzees were unhabituated to close observation, from mid-2007 the community’s six adult males showed signs of semi-habituation 7. ![]() I studied a community of &ge 25 chimpanzees for 18 months during 2006–2008. Here I report preliminary observations of GHC in chimpanzees at Bulindi, Uganda.īulindi is a forest–agriculture ecotone, 25-km south of Budongo Forest (Figure 1) 6,7. Records from new study sites are valuable because they increase our understanding of chimpanzee behavioral variation. It occurs in more study communities than not (whether present, habitual or customary), yet is notably absent at three long-term sites: Bossou (Guinea), Gombe (Tanzania), and Budongo (Uganda) 4,5. GHC has a patchy distribution across Africa. The behavior may originate from branch-clasp grooming-a universal behavior in chimpanzees 4-in which participants grasp an overhead branch whilst grooming socially 1. Variant forms include one participant grasping their partner’s hand or wrist, and ‘wrist-to-wrist’ in which participants rest their wrists against each other’s forearm, usually one partner supporting most of the weight of both 2,3. The resulting configuration is strikingly symmetrical. It occurs when two chimpanzees seated opposite one another clasp hands overhead and groom each other’s underarm with their free hand. ![]() The grooming hand-clasp (GHC) was the first documented social custom in wild chimpanzees 1. Anthropology Centre for Conservation, Environment & Development, Oxford Brookes University, UK ![]()
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